How We Think About Protecting Data
own ideas and assess the benefits and privacy concerns of their peers’ ideas, in a participatory way,” Ratti explains.
The game strongly suggests that people’s ideas about data privacy are malleable, although the results do indicate some tendencies. The data privacy card whose use players most highly valued was for personal mobility; given the opportunity in the game to keep it or exchange it, players retained it in their hands 43 percent of the time, an indicator of its value. That was followed in order by personal health data, and utility use. (With apologies to pet owners, the type of data privacy card players held on to the least, about 10 percent of the time, involved animal health.)
However, the game distinctly suggests that the value of privacy is highly contingent on specific use-cases. The game shows that people care about health data to a substantial extent but also value the use of environmental data in the workplace, for instance. And the players of Data Slots also seem less concerned about data privacy when use of data is combined with clear benefits. In combination, that suggests a deal to be cut: Using health data can help people understand the effects of the workplace on wellness.
“Even in terms of health data in work spaces, if they are used in an aggregated way to improve the workspace, for some people it’s worth combining personal health data with environmental data,” Mora says.
Mazzarello adds: “Now perhaps the company can make some interventions to improve overall health. It might be invasive, but you might get some benefits back.”
In the bigger picture, the researchers suggest, taking a more flexible, user-driven approach to understanding what people think about data privacy can help inform better data policy. Cities — the core focus on the Senseable City Lab — often face such scenarios. City governments can collect a lot of aggregate traffic data, for instance, but public input can help determine how anonymized such data should be. Understanding public opinion along with the benefits of data use can produce viable policies for local officials to pursue.
“The bottom line is that if cities disclose what they plan to do with data, and if they involve resident stakeholders to come up with their own ideas about what they could do, that would be beneficial to us,” Duarte says. “And in those scenarios, people’s privacy concerns start to decrease a lot.”
Peter Dizikes is the social sciences, business, and humanities writer at the MIT News Office. The article is reprinted with permission of MIT News.
