U.S. seeks to boost domestic production of 35 critical minerals

The full list of critical minerals includes the following. Click a mineral’s name to find relevant statistics and publications:

— Aluminum (bauxite), used in almost all sectors of the economy

— Antimony, used in batteries and flame retardants

— Arsenic, used in lumber preservatives, pesticides, and semi-conductors

— Barite, used in cement and petroleum industries

— Beryllium, used as an alloying agent in aerospace and defense industries

— Bismuth, used in medical and atomic research

— Cesium, used in research and development

— Chromium, used primarily in stainless steel and other alloys

— Cobalt, used in rechargeable batteries and superalloys

— Fluorspar, used in the manufacture of aluminum, gasoline, and uranium fuel

— Gallium, used for integrated circuits and optical devices like LEDs

— Germanium, used for fiber optics and night vision applications

— Graphite (natural), used for lubricants, batteries, and fuel cells

— Hafnium, used for nuclear control rods, alloys, and high-temperature ceramics

— Helium, used for MRIs, lifting agent, and research

— Indium, mostly used in LCD screens

— Lithium, used primarily for batteries

— Magnesium, used in furnace linings for manufacturing steel and ceramics

— Manganese, used in steelmaking

— Niobium, used mostly in steel alloys

— Platinum group metals, used for catalytic agents

— Potash, primarily used as a fertilizer

— Rare earth elements group, primarily used in batteries and electronics

— Rhenium, used for lead-free gasoline and superalloys

— Rubidium, used for research and development in electronics

— Scandium, used for alloys and fuel cells

— Strontium, used for pyrotechnics and ceramic magnets

— Tantalum, used in electronic components, mostly capacitors

— Tellurium, used in steelmaking and solar cells

— Tin, used as protective coatings and alloys for steel

— Titanium, overwhelmingly used as a white pigment or metal alloys

— Tungsten, primarily used to make wear-resistant metals

— Uranium, mostly used for nuclear fuel

— Vanadium, primarily used for titanium alloys

— Zirconium, used in the high-temperature ceramics industries